Thomas Maitland (British Army officer)

Thomas Maitland (1760 – 17 January 1824) was a British soldier and colonial administrator. He held various prominent positions, including Governor of British Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka) and Governor of Malta.

Maitland, sometimes referred to as "King Tom," was born in Scotland, the tenth son of James Maitland, 7th Earl of Lauderdale. He entered the British Army in 1778 and served in various campaigns. He was known for his outspoken nature and strong personality.

His military career saw him serve in India and elsewhere. He was elected Member of Parliament for Haddington Burghs in 1790, representing the Whig interest.

In 1805, Maitland was appointed Governor of British Ceylon, a post he held until 1811. During his tenure, he implemented significant administrative and economic reforms aimed at consolidating British control and fostering economic development. He oversaw improvements in infrastructure and focused on revenue collection.

From 1813 to 1824, Maitland served as Governor of Malta. His administration in Malta was marked by significant economic and social changes. He sought to improve sanitation and public health, and encouraged trade and agriculture. He implemented reforms in the judicial system. Maitland's rule in Malta was autocratic but generally seen as beneficial for the island's development. He died in Malta in 1824 while still serving as governor. He never married.