Saarenmaa

Saarenmaa is the largest island in Estonia, located in the Baltic Sea. It is the main island of Saare County and is known for its natural beauty, historical landmarks, and unique culture.

Geography: Saarenmaa is characterized by its relatively flat terrain, diverse coastline, and presence of numerous forests, bogs, and meadows. It is separated from the mainland Estonia by the Väinameri Strait. The island's bedrock is primarily limestone, which has led to the formation of sinkholes and underground rivers.

History: The island has a rich history dating back to the Stone Age. It has been inhabited by various peoples throughout the centuries, including the Estonians, Vikings, Germans, Danes, and Swedes. The island's strategic location has made it a site of numerous conflicts and power struggles. Significant historical sites include Kuressaare Castle, a well-preserved medieval fortress, and several ancient stone churches.

Culture: Saarenmaa has a distinct cultural identity, influenced by its maritime heritage and isolation from the mainland. Traditional crafts, folklore, and dialect are still actively practiced. The island is also known for its strong sense of community and preservation of local traditions. The island dialect is closely linked to standard Estonian but has uniquely modified words and phrases.

Economy: Tourism, agriculture, and fishing are the mainstays of Saarenmaa's economy. The island attracts visitors with its natural beauty, historical sites, and opportunities for outdoor activities. Agriculture focuses on livestock farming and crop production. Fishing is an important source of income and sustenance for many residents.

Notable Features:

• Kuressaare: The island's capital and largest town, known for its medieval castle, spas, and charming atmosphere.
• Panga Cliff: A dramatic limestone cliff offering stunning views of the Baltic Sea.
• Sõrve Peninsula: A narrow peninsula extending southwards from the main island, known for its lighthouses and birdwatching opportunities.
• Kaali Meteorite Craters: A group of meteorite craters that are among the best-known in the world.
• Vilsandi National Park: A protected area encompassing numerous small islands and islets, known for its diverse birdlife and pristine natural environment.