Rondel (poem)

A rondel is a verse form, typically a fixed verse form of 13 or 14 lines, characterized by two rhymes and the repetition of the first line or lines of the poem as a refrain.

Structure:

The most common rondel form consists of 13 lines in total. It employs only two rhymes throughout the poem (A and B). The first two lines (AB) are repeated as refrains, with the first line appearing again as line 7 and line 13, and the second line appearing again as line 8. The rhyme scheme is therefore: ABba abAB abbaA.

A less common variation extends to 14 lines, retaining the same principles of rhyme and repetition, but slightly altering the placement of the refrains.

Key Characteristics:

• Fixed Form: The rondel adheres to a strict rhyme scheme and specific line repetitions.
• Refrain: The prominent feature of the rondel is the repetition of the opening lines, which act as a refrain, reinforcing the central theme or idea.
• Two Rhymes: The entire poem is constructed using only two rhyming sounds, lending it a musical and harmonious quality.
• Brevity: Rondels are typically short, lending themselves to concise and focused expression.

History and Usage:

The rondel originated in France, becoming popular during the 14th and 15th centuries. It was adopted and adapted by English poets, who continued to explore its possibilities and variations. The form has seen revivals in later periods, attracting poets seeking a structured and musical verse form.

Related Forms:

The rondel is related to other fixed forms such as the triolet, rondeau, and villanelle, all of which involve repetition and a limited number of rhymes.