Redoutable-class submarine (1967)

The Redoutable-class submarines were a series of ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale). Commissioned between 1971 and 1985, they formed the cornerstone of France's nuclear deterrent force, known as the Force de frappe.

These submarines were designed to carry 16 M1, M2, M20, or M4 submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), depending on the specific vessel and refit. Each missile was capable of carrying multiple nuclear warheads, providing a significant strike capability.

The class consisted of six vessels: Le Redoutable, Le Terrible, Le Foudroyant, L'Indomptable, Le Tonnant, and L'Inflexible. L'Inflexible was a slightly modified variant, sometimes considered a class of its own, and featured an upgraded missile system.

The Redoutable-class represented a major technological achievement for France, demonstrating its ability to design and build sophisticated nuclear-powered submarines and ballistic missiles. They provided a credible and independent nuclear deterrent throughout the Cold War and beyond.

Over their service lives, the submarines underwent several refits and upgrades to maintain their effectiveness and prolong their operational life. They were gradually replaced by the newer Triomphant-class submarines, with the last Redoutable-class submarine being decommissioned in 2008. Le Redoutable is now a museum ship at the Cité de la Mer in Cherbourg, France.

The Redoutable-class played a vital role in French national security for over three decades, embodying France's commitment to maintaining an independent nuclear capability.