Pubis (bone)

The pubis, also known as the pubic bone, is one of the three bones that make up the bony pelvis. The other two are the ilium and the ischium. The pubis is the most anterior and inferior of the three.

Anatomy and Structure

Each pubis bone is composed of a body, a superior ramus, and an inferior ramus.

• Body: The body of the pubis is the medial, flattened portion that articulates with the body of the opposite pubis at the pubic symphysis. This symphysis is a cartilaginous joint.

• Superior Ramus: The superior ramus extends laterally from the body and connects to the ilium, contributing to the formation of the acetabulum (the socket for the hip joint).

• Inferior Ramus: The inferior ramus projects downward and backward from the body, joining the ischium to form the ischiopubic ramus.

Function

The pubic bones play a crucial role in:

• Weight Bearing: Contributing to the overall support of the body's weight.
• Protection: Protecting the pelvic organs, including the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs.
• Muscle Attachment: Providing attachment points for various muscles of the abdomen, thigh, and perineum.
• Childbirth: In females, the pubic symphysis allows for some degree of movement during childbirth, facilitating the passage of the baby.

Clinical Significance

The pubis is susceptible to various injuries and conditions, including:

• Pubic Fractures: Often caused by high-impact trauma, such as car accidents.
• Osteitis Pubis: Inflammation of the pubic symphysis, often seen in athletes.
• Pubic Symphysis Dysfunction (PSD): Pain and instability in the pubic symphysis, especially common during pregnancy.
• Hernias: The area around the pubis can be a site for certain types of hernias.