Ptocheia

Ptocheia (Greek: πτωχεία) is an ancient Greek term referring to a state of extreme poverty or destitution. It encompasses not merely a lack of material wealth, but also carries connotations of helplessness, dependence, and social vulnerability. It is a stronger and more comprehensive term than simply lacking possessions, emphasizing the complete inability to provide for one's own basic needs and the reliance on charity or external support for survival.

In ancient Greek society, ptocheia was considered a serious social ill. Individuals experiencing ptocheia were often marginalized and faced significant hardship. The term frequently appears in philosophical and ethical discussions concerning justice, compassion, and the responsibility of the wealthy towards the less fortunate. Literary works of the period also depict the suffering and challenges faced by those living in a state of ptocheia. Understanding the concept of ptocheia provides insight into the socio-economic realities and moral concerns of the ancient Greek world.