Nepali Congress (Subarna)

The Nepali Congress (Subarna), also known as the Nepali Congress (Revolutionary), was a political party in Nepal formed in 1969 following a split within the Nepali Congress party. The faction was led by Subarna Shamsher Rana.

Background and Formation:

Following the royal coup of 1960 by King Mahendra, which dissolved the democratically elected government of the Nepali Congress and banned political parties, the Nepali Congress operated from exile, primarily in India. Differences in strategy and leadership arose between the leaders based in exile. Subarna Shamsher Rana, who had previously served as Prime Minister, advocated for a more conciliatory approach towards the monarchy, believing that a compromise was necessary to restore democracy. A faction, led by B.P. Koirala, favored continued armed struggle. These disagreements culminated in a formal split in 1969, leading to the formation of the Nepali Congress (Subarna).

Ideology and Objectives:

The Nepali Congress (Subarna) aimed to restore democracy through dialogue and negotiation with the monarchy. It sought to create a constitutional monarchy, recognizing the role of the king while establishing a democratic political system with guaranteed rights and freedoms. The party believed that a peaceful transition was the most viable path to achieving these goals. This was in contrast to the more militant stance of the B.P. Koirala faction.

Activities and Impact:

While the Nepali Congress (Subarna) did not engage in armed struggle, it maintained a presence in Nepali politics through underground activities and by influencing public opinion. It participated in various attempts at reconciliation with the monarchy and other political forces.

Reconciliation and Dissolution:

In 1976, Subarna Shamsher Rana died, significantly impacting the party's leadership and direction. Following political developments in Nepal, including the national referendum of 1980, the Nepali Congress factions began to move towards reconciliation. Eventually, the Nepali Congress (Subarna) dissolved and reunited with the main Nepali Congress party led by B.P. Koirala. The reunification marked a significant step in consolidating the pro-democracy movement in Nepal.