Namdhari

The Namdhari (also known as the Kuka Sikhs) are a Sikh sect that emphasizes a strict code of conduct and adherence to the teachings of the Adi Granth, alongside the Dasam Granth and other writings. They distinguish themselves from other Sikhs by continuing the line of living Gurus after Guru Gobind Singh, believing that he did not die in 1708 but went into seclusion and would reappear. Baba Ram Singh Kuka is considered their spiritual leader and is revered as the 12th Guru by Namdharis.

Central to Namdhari beliefs are a commitment to vegetarianism, the wearing of white woolen clothing, and the tying of a turban in a distinctive horizontal style. They place strong emphasis on chanting the Name of God (Naam Simran) and are known for their elaborate and lively congregational prayers (Kirtan). The protection of cows is also a significant aspect of their doctrine.

The Namdhari movement originated in the Punjab region in the mid-19th century, during a period of British colonial rule. It advocated for social reform, opposed caste discrimination, and promoted the education of girls. The sect played an active role in resisting British authority, leading to significant confrontations, most notably the Kuka Rebellion in the 1870s. The British suppressed the rebellion with harsh measures, including the public execution of numerous Namdharis.

Today, the Namdhari community continues to thrive, primarily in India, but also with a presence in other countries. They maintain their distinct religious and cultural practices and continue to be guided by a living Guru. Their emphasis on social reform, ethical living, and the remembrance of God remains central to their identity.