M163 VADS

The M163 VADS (Vulcan Air Defense System) is a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun (SPAAG) system used by the United States Army and several other countries. It consists of an M61 Vulcan 20 mm gatling gun mounted on a modified M113 armored personnel carrier chassis.

The primary purpose of the M163 VADS is to provide close-range air defense against low-flying aircraft and helicopters. The M61 Vulcan’s high rate of fire and rapid target acquisition capabilities make it effective against these threats. The system is capable of engaging targets both visually and using its radar system, though its radar is relatively short-ranged compared to missile-based air defense systems.

The M163 VADS operates in conjunction with the AN/MPQ-49 Forward Area Alerting Radar (FAAR) system, which provides early warning of approaching aircraft. Information from the FAAR is relayed to the M163, allowing the gunner to prepare for engagement.

Although largely phased out of U.S. military service in favor of more advanced air defense systems, such as the Avenger and Stinger missile systems, the M163 VADS continues to be used by some countries in a variety of roles, sometimes adapted for ground support. Its relatively simple design and ease of maintenance have contributed to its longevity. The M163's effectiveness against light armored vehicles and personnel also led to its occasional use in ground combat situations.