Lu Yan

Lu Yan (simplified Chinese: 吕岩; traditional Chinese: 呂岩; pinyin: Lǚ Yán), also known as Lü Dongbin (simplified Chinese: 吕洞宾; traditional Chinese: 呂洞賓; pinyin: Lǚ Dòngbīn), was a Tang dynasty (618–907) scholar and recluse who is considered one of the Eight Immortals (八仙; bā xiān) in the Taoist pantheon. He is a widely recognized and venerated figure in Chinese culture, particularly in Taoism.

Historical Information and Legend:

While details surrounding Lu Yan's life are often interwoven with legend and myth, it is generally accepted that he lived during the Tang Dynasty, though the exact period is debated, with some sources placing him later in the Five Dynasties period. Accounts suggest he failed the imperial examinations, after which he encountered Zhongli Quan, another of the Eight Immortals, who initiated him into Taoist alchemy and spiritual practices.

Role in Taoism:

Lu Yan is revered as a master of internal alchemy (Neidan) and is associated with the Quanzhen School of Taoism. He is believed to have achieved immortality and possesses the ability to appear in various forms to assist those in need. He is considered a patron saint of barbers, scholars, ink makers, and those seeking help during illness.

Iconography and Symbolism:

Lu Yan is typically depicted as a bearded scholar dressed in a Taoist robe. He is often shown holding a sword (frequently referred to as the "demon-slaying sword") which symbolizes his ability to vanquish evil and ignorance. He may also carry a fly-whisk or a gourd containing elixirs.

Worship and Influence:

Temples dedicated to Lu Yan are found throughout China and in other countries with significant Chinese communities. He is a popular figure in folk religion and stories about his miraculous deeds and teachings are widespread. He is considered an important symbol of longevity, healing, and spiritual enlightenment. His influence extends to various art forms, including painting, sculpture, and opera.