Livonia electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917)

The Livonia electoral district was one of the 79 electoral districts established in the Russian Empire for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election. It covered the territory of the Governorate of Livonia, which corresponds largely to modern-day Latvia and Estonia. The electoral district was vast and diverse, encompassing urban centres like Riga, rural agricultural areas, and a multi-ethnic population consisting of Latvians, Estonians, Russians, Germans, and others.

The election in the Livonia electoral district was characterized by intense political competition between various socialist, nationalist, and conservative parties. The Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party (LSDSP) emerged as the dominant force, reflecting the strong socialist sentiments prevalent among the Latvian population. The Estonian parties also secured a significant share of the vote, reflecting the national aspirations of the Estonian community. German Baltic parties representing the interests of the Baltic German minority also participated in the election, although their influence was declining. Russian parties had a limited presence.

The election results from the Livonia electoral district reflected the political landscape of the region at the time, showcasing the rise of socialist and nationalist movements amidst the backdrop of the collapsing Russian Empire. The elected delegates from Livonia were intended to participate in the Constituent Assembly to determine the future political system of Russia, but the Assembly was dissolved by the Bolsheviks in January 1918, rendering their mandate largely symbolic. The election, however, remains a significant historical event in the political history of Latvia and Estonia, documenting the political preferences of their populations at a critical juncture.