Keyboard Variations in C major (Haydn)

Keyboard Variations in C major (Haydn) refers, in general, to several sets of variations composed by Joseph Haydn for keyboard instruments, typically either harpsichord, fortepiano, or piano. While Haydn composed many sets of variations throughout his career, the title most commonly refers to the Variations in C major, Hob. XVII:5, composed around 1790. This particular work is sometimes also known as the Un piccolo divertimento or the Sonata in C major.

The Variations in C major, Hob. XVII:5 is comprised of a theme stated in C major, followed by a series of variations, typically including changes in rhythm, ornamentation, and register. The specific number and character of the variations vary depending on the edition and interpretation. The work showcases Haydn's masterful command of variation technique and his ability to create engaging and inventive music within a relatively simple harmonic framework. The structure usually concludes with a return to a modified or embellished version of the original theme, providing a sense of closure.

Other sets of variations in C major by Haydn may exist, although they are less frequently performed or recorded than Hob. XVII:5. The title "Keyboard Variations in C major (Haydn)" should therefore be considered a general descriptor applicable to any such work, but most often directs attention to Hob. XVII:5 due to its popularity and established place in the keyboard repertoire.