Geodiidae

Geodiidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Tetractinellida. These sponges are characterized by their spherical or massive shapes and their dense skeletal structure composed of siliceous spicules, particularly triaenes and sterrospicules. Geodiidae are found in marine environments worldwide, from shallow waters to deep-sea habitats.

Characteristics:

• Shape: Typically spherical, oval, or massive irregular shapes.
• Skeleton: A dense skeleton composed of siliceous spicules, including triaenes (spicules with three rays) and sterrospicules (spherical or oval spicules). The abundance of sterrospicules often gives these sponges a hard, stony texture.
• Surface: The surface of Geodiidae sponges can be smooth or rough, and often exhibits oscules (excurrent openings) for water expulsion.
• Color: Coloration varies, often in shades of brown, grey, white, or yellow.
• Habitat: Found in a variety of marine habitats, including coral reefs, rocky bottoms, and deep-sea environments.
• Taxonomy: The taxonomy of Geodiidae is complex and subject to ongoing revision.
• Filter Feeders: They are filter feeders, drawing water through their pores to extract nutrients.

Genera (examples):

• Geodia
• Isops
• Pachymatisma

Ecological Importance:

Geodiidae sponges contribute to benthic ecosystems by providing habitat for other organisms, filtering water, and playing a role in nutrient cycling.