Etifoxine

Etifoxine is an anxiolytic medication used in several countries, primarily in Europe, for the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly those associated with somatic symptoms. It is not typically considered a first-line treatment option compared to SSRIs or SNRIs, but may be used in situations where these are contraindicated or ineffective.

Etifoxine hydrochloride's mechanism of action differs from benzodiazepines. It primarily acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor, specifically binding to a different site than benzodiazepines. Additionally, it has been shown to increase the production of neurosteroids, such as allopregnanolone, which also modulate GABA_A receptor activity and contribute to its anxiolytic effect. Unlike benzodiazepines, etifoxine is not known to cause significant sedation, muscle relaxation, or cognitive impairment at therapeutic doses.

Common side effects of etifoxine may include gastrointestinal disturbances, skin reactions, and dizziness. Rare but more serious side effects have been reported, including hepatic reactions.

Etifoxine is available in oral capsule form. Dosage regimens vary depending on the severity of symptoms and individual patient response.

The use of etifoxine may be subject to regulatory restrictions and availability limitations in some regions. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting or stopping any medication.