Eschar

An eschar is a dry, dark, crust or scab that forms over a burn, sore, or wound. It consists of dead tissue, including coagulated blood, cellular debris, and dried exudate. Eschars can vary in size and thickness, depending on the severity and depth of the underlying injury.

Eschar formation is a natural part of the healing process, serving as a protective barrier over the wound. However, in certain situations, an eschar can impede healing. The tough, inflexible nature of a large or thick eschar can restrict blood flow to the wound bed, hindering granulation tissue formation and epithelialization. Furthermore, eschars can harbor bacteria, increasing the risk of infection.

Debridement, the removal of dead or damaged tissue, may be necessary to promote healing, especially in cases of deep burns or infected wounds. Debridement can be performed surgically, mechanically, enzymatically, or autolytically. The appropriate method depends on the characteristics of the wound and the individual patient.

While eschars are often associated with burns, they can also form in other conditions, such as pressure ulcers, arterial ulcers, and certain fungal infections. Proper wound care, including assessment of the eschar and appropriate debridement strategies when indicated, is crucial for optimal wound healing.