Ephelis (fungus)

Ephelis is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Phyllachoraceae. These fungi are primarily known as plant pathogens, causing diseases characterized by elongated, pale lesions or streaks on the leaves and stems of various grasses and other monocotyledonous plants. The disease caused by Ephelis is often referred to as "stripe disease" or "leaf scald," depending on the host and the specific symptoms.

Ephelis species are obligate parasites, meaning they require a living host to survive and reproduce. They produce ascomata, specialized fruiting bodies embedded within the host tissue. These ascomata release ascospores, which are then dispersed to infect new plants, often through wind or water splash.

Identification of Ephelis species relies on microscopic examination of their morphological features, including the shape and size of the ascomata, asci (sac-like structures containing the ascospores), and ascospores themselves.

The impact of Ephelis infections can vary depending on the host plant and the environmental conditions. In some cases, the disease may be relatively mild, causing only cosmetic damage. However, severe infections can lead to significant yield losses in economically important crops. Management strategies often involve cultural practices to reduce inoculum levels and create less favorable conditions for disease development. Chemical control may also be used in certain situations.