Endothall

Endothall is a non-selective, systemic herbicide and algaecide used to control aquatic weeds and algae in lakes, ponds, canals, and other bodies of water. It is also used as a pre-harvest desiccant for certain crops such as alfalfa, clover, and potatoes.

Chemical Properties: Endothall is an organic compound, a dicarboxylic acid derivative. It exists in various salt forms, including the dipotassium salt, the mono(N,N-dimethylalkylamine) salt, and the copper salt, each with slightly different properties and applications. Its chemical formula is C8H10O5.

Mode of Action: Endothall acts by inhibiting protein synthesis and disrupting cellular respiration in susceptible plants and algae. It is readily absorbed by plant tissues and translocated throughout the plant, leading to its systemic effects. Its action on algae is particularly effective, making it a common choice for algal bloom control.

Uses and Applications: Endothall is primarily used for:

• Aquatic Weed Control: Controlling submerged aquatic weeds such as Eurasian watermilfoil, hydrilla, and curlyleaf pondweed.
• Algae Control: Managing various types of algae, including filamentous algae and planktonic algae, in both recreational and industrial water bodies.
• Pre-Harvest Desiccation: Drying out crops before harvest to facilitate easier and more efficient harvesting processes.

Environmental Fate: Endothall degrades relatively quickly in aquatic environments, typically through microbial action and photolysis. Its half-life varies depending on factors such as water temperature, pH, and sunlight exposure. It is considered to have low persistence in the environment.

Safety and Toxicity: Endothall can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn when handling and applying the herbicide. It is toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms at certain concentrations, so application rates must be carefully controlled to minimize non-target effects. Endothall is regulated by various environmental protection agencies, and its use is subject to specific guidelines and restrictions to ensure environmental safety.