Duthiastrum

Duthiastrum is a genus of centric diatoms belonging to the family Thalassiosiraceae. These single-celled algae are typically found in marine environments, playing a vital role in phytoplankton communities.

Characteristics:

• Morphology: Duthiastrum species are characterized by their cylindrical or drum-shaped frustules (silica cell walls). They possess numerous marginal fultoportulae (strutted processes) and one or more central fultoportulae on the valve face. The number and arrangement of these processes are important features used in species identification.

• Habitat: These diatoms are predominantly planktonic, meaning they drift freely in the water column. They are distributed widely in oceans, with some species exhibiting preferences for specific temperature or salinity ranges.

• Ecology: Duthiastrum species are primary producers, contributing significantly to marine food webs through photosynthesis. They are consumed by zooplankton, which in turn are eaten by larger organisms. Diatoms in general, including Duthiastrum, are responsible for a substantial portion of global oxygen production.

• Taxonomy: The classification of Duthiastrum has been subject to revisions, with some species having been previously classified under other genera. Identification to the species level requires careful microscopic examination, often involving techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to resolve fine details of the frustule structure.

• Significance: Duthiastrum, like other diatoms, are important bioindicators of water quality and environmental change. Their abundance and species composition can reflect changes in nutrient levels, temperature, and other environmental factors. They are also studied in the context of carbon sequestration in the ocean.