Dicyanamide

Dicyanamide, also known as cyanoguanidine or sometimes as dicyandiamide (though this is technically the dimer of cyanamide and often used interchangeably), is an organic compound with the formula (CNNH₂)₂. It is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether.

Dicyanamide is a versatile building block in organic synthesis and finds applications in a variety of fields. It is primarily used as a precursor to the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.

One of the main uses of dicyanamide is in the production of melamine. The reaction of dicyanamide with melamine produces melamine cyanurate, a flame retardant.

Furthermore, dicyanamide acts as a ligand in coordination chemistry, forming complexes with various metal ions. These complexes find application in catalysis and materials science.

Dicyanamide is also utilized in the synthesis of guanidines and related heterocycles. It undergoes various cyclization reactions, enabling the construction of complex molecular architectures.

While generally considered relatively low in toxicity, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling dicyanamide, including wearing protective gear and ensuring adequate ventilation.