Darugha

A Darugha (also spelled Daruga, Darogha, or Darugači) was an official in the Mongol Empire and its successor states. The term derives from the Mongolian word "darugha," meaning "overseer" or "governor."

Darughas were appointed by the Mongol Great Khan (or later, local rulers within the fragmented Mongol Empire) to administer conquered territories and collect taxes. They represented Mongol authority and enforced Mongol laws and policies. Their responsibilities generally included:

• Tax Collection: Ensuring the timely and complete collection of taxes and tribute.
• Census Taking: Overseeing the registration of the population for taxation and conscription purposes.
• Maintaining Order: Suppressing rebellions and enforcing Mongol law.
• Military Administration: Mobilizing local forces when needed and providing logistical support for Mongol armies.
• Communication: Serving as a link between the local population and the Mongol administration, relaying orders and reporting on local conditions.

The power and influence of darughas varied depending on the region and the specific policies of the Mongol rulers. In some areas, they held considerable authority and were key figures in the implementation of Mongol rule. In other cases, their influence was limited by existing local institutions or the power of local elites. The office gradually disappeared as the Mongol Empire fragmented and was replaced by different administrative structures in the various successor states.