Creocele

A creocele, also sometimes referred to as a myocele, is a herniation of muscle through its surrounding sheath or fascia. This typically occurs due to a weakness or tear in the fascia, allowing the underlying muscle tissue to bulge outwards.

Creoceles are most commonly observed in the lower legs, particularly in the anterior compartment, but can occur in other areas of the body as well. They are often caused by repetitive strain, direct trauma, or strenuous exercise that puts excessive pressure on the muscle and its supporting structures.

Symptoms may include a visible and palpable bulge under the skin, which may become more prominent during muscle contraction. Pain, tenderness, and a feeling of tightness in the affected area may also be present. In some cases, creoceles may be asymptomatic and only discovered incidentally during a physical examination.

Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination, where the bulge can be felt and observed. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound or MRI may be used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the symptoms. Conservative management may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce inflammation and pain. Physical therapy can help strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve stability. In more severe cases, surgical repair may be necessary to close the fascial defect and prevent further herniation.