Celadon

Celadon is a term for stoneware or porcelain pottery with a translucent glaze, typically in shades of green. The glaze derives its color from iron oxide in the firing kiln atmosphere, which is reduced during the firing process. The specific hue of green can vary widely, ranging from olive and jade to sea green, depending on the amount of iron oxide and the other elements present in the glaze composition and firing conditions.

The origins of celadon are traced back to China, with early forms appearing as early as the Shang dynasty (1600-1046 BCE). However, celadon truly flourished during the Song dynasty (960-1279 CE), with several kilns becoming famous for their distinctive celadon wares, including the Longquan kilns. These wares were highly prized for their subtle beauty and perceived resemblance to jade.

From China, the art of celadon production spread to other parts of Asia, including Korea, Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Each region developed its own distinct styles and techniques, resulting in a diverse range of celadon pottery. Korean celadon, for example, is known for its inlaid designs and grayish-green hues. Japanese celadon, often called "seiji," tends to be a brighter green and may incorporate crackle glazes.

Celadon was often associated with elegance and refinement. In many Asian cultures, it was used for tableware, ritual objects, and decorative pieces. The subtle beauty of the glaze and its association with nature made it a highly sought-after material for the elite.

While the production of celadon declined somewhat in later centuries, it has experienced a revival in recent decades, with contemporary artists and potters continuing to explore the possibilities of this ancient technique. Modern celadon pottery can be found in a wide range of styles and forms, reflecting both traditional and contemporary aesthetics.