Bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) oxalate

Bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) oxalate, often abbreviated as DNPO or Bis-DNPO, is an organic compound, specifically an oxalate ester. It is notable for its use in chemiluminescent reactions, most commonly in glow sticks and related applications.

In these applications, Bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) oxalate reacts with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a suitable fluorescent dye (fluorophore). This reaction yields 2,4-dinitrophenol, carbon dioxide, and energy. The released energy excites the fluorophore, which then emits light as it returns to its ground state. The color of the emitted light is determined by the specific fluorophore used.

The reaction is typically carried out in a solvent system, often involving a mixture of phthalate esters. The presence of a base, such as a tertiary amine, accelerates the reaction by facilitating the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

Bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) oxalate is generally considered a hazardous material. Appropriate safety precautions, including the use of gloves and eye protection, should be taken when handling it.