Caroleans

The Caroleans were the soldiers of the Swedish army during the reigns of Kings Charles XI and Charles XII (approximately 1680 to 1718). Known for their unwavering discipline, aggressive offensive tactics, and religious zeal, they formed the backbone of the Swedish military that dominated Northern Europe for several decades during the Great Northern War.

The Carolean army was characterized by a rigid system of conscription, ensuring a steady supply of manpower. Their training emphasized shock tactics, utilizing a combination of volley fire and a rapid, ferocious charge with pikes and swords. This "Gå-på" (go-on) spirit prioritized aggressive assault and close-quarters combat, designed to break the enemy's lines quickly.

The Carolean tactics were highly effective against less disciplined armies. However, they proved vulnerable to more modern warfare, including entrenched positions and artillery barrages, as exemplified by the disastrous Battle of Poltava in 1709, which marked a turning point in the Great Northern War and the decline of Sweden as a major power.

The term "Carolean" is derived from the Latin form of "Charles," "Carolus," referring to the two Swedish kings under whom they served. The ethos of the Carolean army, with its emphasis on loyalty, discipline, and aggressive offense, has become a significant part of Swedish military history and national identity.