Bagavan (Caspiane)

Bagavan was a town in the historic region of Caspiane, located in Greater Armenia. It served as a significant religious and political center, particularly during the Arsacid dynasty. The name "Bagavan" is of Persian origin, meaning "place of the gods" or "sanctuary." This etymology reflects its importance as a site of pre-Christian Armenian religious practices, likely dedicated to deities of Persian origin.

Following Armenia's conversion to Christianity in the early 4th century, Bagavan retained its religious significance. King Trdat III and Gregory the Illuminator are said to have destroyed pagan temples and erected churches in their place, solidifying Christianity's dominance in the region.

Bagavan was also known as a major royal residence and administrative center. It was situated near the junction of important trade routes, contributing to its prosperity and strategic value. However, Bagavan suffered damage and decline over the centuries due to various conflicts and earthquakes. The exact location of the town is now believed to be near modern-day Uchkilisa, Turkey, although substantial archaeological remains are limited. The site is often linked to ruins found near the Aras River. While not as extensively studied archaeologically as other ancient Armenian sites, Bagavan's historical importance as a pre-Christian religious center and early Christian foundation is documented in numerous historical sources.