Arianrhod

Arianrhod is a figure in Welsh mythology, often associated with the stars, the moon, and destiny. Her name is generally interpreted as "silver wheel" or "wheel of silver," alluding to a circular celestial object or constellation.

In the Mabinogion, specifically the Fourth Branch, Math fab Mathonwy, Arianrhod is the daughter of Dôn and the sister of Gwydion and Gilfaethwy. She is tested for her virginity by Math to determine if she is suitable to be a foot-holder for him, as he can only survive with his feet resting in the lap of a virgin. During the test, she gives birth to two sons. The first, Dylan Eil Ton, leaps into the sea immediately and takes on the nature of the ocean. The second, unnamed son is secretly raised by Gwydion.

Arianrhod places three geasa (prohibitions or taboos) on her second son: that he will not receive a name until she names him, that he will not bear arms unless she arms him, and that he will never marry a woman of this race. Through trickery and magic, Gwydion circumvents these geasa. He disguises himself and the boy to trick Arianrhod into naming him Lleu Llaw Gyffes ("bright one of skillful hand"). He further tricks her into arming Lleu, effectively breaking the second geas. The breaking of the geasa leaves Arianrhod's power diminished and Lleu free to pursue his own destiny.

Arianrhod's character is often interpreted as a powerful and independent figure representing female sovereignty and the control of destiny. Her actions, while appearing punitive, can be viewed as an attempt to retain power and influence over the fate of her son in a patriarchal society. Her connection to celestial imagery has led to associations with lunar goddesses and star lore in neopagan traditions.