Ambika (Jainism)

Ambika is a Yakshini (female guardian deity) revered in Jainism. She is typically depicted as the attendant deity (Shasanadevi) of the twenty-second Tirthankara, Neminatha.

Iconography and Representation:

Ambika is usually shown seated under a mango tree ( Amra Vriksha ) and is often depicted with her consort, Gomedha, and children. Her iconography varies slightly across different Jain sects and regions, but some common attributes include:

• Lion Mount: She is often mounted on a lion, symbolizing power and royalty.
• Mangoes: She is associated with mangoes, often holding a bunch of them in her hand, representing prosperity and abundance. The mango tree under which she sits is also a significant feature.
• Children: She is frequently depicted with two children, symbolizing motherhood and fertility.
• Attributes: She may also be shown holding a noose ( pasha ) and a goad ( ankusha ), representing her ability to control and guide.

Significance and Worship:

Ambika is a popular deity among Jains and is worshipped for protection, prosperity, and fertility. She is considered a powerful guardian and is invoked for overcoming obstacles and fulfilling wishes. Temples dedicated to Ambika are found throughout India, and she is often depicted alongside Neminatha in Jain temples. Her worship is particularly prevalent in Gujarat and Rajasthan.

Relationship with Neminatha:

Ambika's role as the Shasanadevi of Neminatha highlights her importance within the Jain pantheon. Shasanadevis are considered guardians and protectors of the Tirthankaras and their teachings. They are believed to help devotees on their spiritual path.

Alternative Names:

Ambika is also known by other names, including Amra Kushmandini and Kushmandini.