Al-Tanf

Al-Tanf is a Syrian city and border crossing located in the Homs Governorate, near the intersection of the Syrian, Iraqi, and Jordanian borders. Its strategic importance stems from its position on the M2 highway, a major artery connecting Damascus to Baghdad.

History: Al-Tanf has historically served as a trading post and transit point. In more recent times, it gained prominence due to its role in the Syrian Civil War.

Syrian Civil War: During the Syrian Civil War, Al-Tanf became a strategic location for both pro-government and anti-government forces, and later, international coalitions.

• Coalition Presence: Since 2016, a U.S. military garrison has been stationed at Al-Tanf, along with partner forces, primarily aimed at combating ISIS and training local forces to counter the militant group. The presence of the coalition has been a point of contention between the Syrian government and the international coalition.

• Deconfliction Zone: A deconfliction zone, roughly 55 kilometers (34 miles) in radius around Al-Tanf, has been established to prevent clashes between coalition forces and other actors in the conflict. The purpose and necessity of this zone are disputed.

• Training and Counter-ISIS Operations: The U.S.-led coalition has used Al-Tanf to train and equip Syrian opposition fighters, primarily under the banner of countering ISIS. These forces also aim to prevent ISIS from re-establishing a foothold in the region.

Controversies: The presence of foreign troops in Al-Tanf without the express consent of the Syrian government is considered by the Syrian government and its allies as a violation of Syrian sovereignty. There have been repeated calls for the withdrawal of foreign forces.

Current Status: As of late 2023, the U.S. military garrison remains in Al-Tanf, despite ongoing regional instability and calls for its withdrawal. The area around Al-Tanf remains a complex and contested zone.