1130s BC

The 1130s BC marks a decade in the 12th century BC, lasting from 1139 BC to 1130 BC. This period falls within the Late Bronze Age collapse, a time of widespread societal upheaval and decline across the Mediterranean and Near East.

During this decade, various cultures and civilizations experienced significant changes. The Late Bronze Age cultures, including the Mycenaean civilization in Greece and the Hittite Empire in Anatolia, were in decline or collapse. The causes of this collapse are debated among historians and archaeologists, but likely involved a combination of factors such as climate change, migrations (possibly involving the Sea Peoples), internal revolts, and disruptions in trade networks.

In Egypt, the New Kingdom was experiencing internal struggles and external pressures. The reign of Ramesses IX occurred partly during this decade, marking a period of weakening royal authority and increasing corruption. Tomb robberies became more prevalent, reflecting a decline in social order.

In Mesopotamia, the Second Dynasty of Isin continued to rule in Babylonia, maintaining some level of stability after the collapse of the Kassite dynasty. However, the region remained vulnerable to incursions from neighboring groups.

Archaeological evidence from this period reveals widespread destruction of cities and settlements across the region, suggesting widespread conflict and instability. The 1130s BC were a pivotal decade in the transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age, a period characterized by significant cultural, political, and technological transformations. The long-term effects of the Late Bronze Age collapse shaped the development of civilizations in the subsequent Iron Age.