Ultra (personal rapid transit)

Ultra is a personal rapid transit (PRT) system developed by Ultra Global PRT (formerly Advanced Transport Systems). It is a podcar system that utilizes small, driverless electric vehicles operating on a dedicated guideway. The primary goal of Ultra is to provide on-demand, point-to-point transportation, bypassing traditional congestion and offering a more convenient and efficient alternative for short- to medium-distance journeys.

System Overview

Ultra systems consist of several key components:

• Vehicles (Podcars): These are small, lightweight, battery-electric vehicles typically accommodating up to four passengers with luggage. They are designed for automated operation and utilize sensors and sophisticated control systems for navigation and safety.
• Guideway: A dedicated network of elevated or ground-level tracks that the podcars travel on. This segregated infrastructure ensures that the system is not affected by traffic congestion on public roads.
• Stations: Designated locations for passengers to board and alight the podcars. Stations are typically located off the main guideway to allow vehicles to bypass them if no passengers are scheduled to stop there, maintaining a smooth flow of traffic.
• Control System: A centralized computer system that manages all aspects of the system, including vehicle routing, scheduling, safety monitoring, and energy management.

Operation

Passengers request a podcar at a station using a touch-screen interface or potentially via a mobile app. The control system assigns an available vehicle to the passenger's desired destination and calculates the optimal route. The vehicle then travels autonomously along the guideway to the designated station, where the passenger boards. The podcar then proceeds directly to the destination station without intermediate stops, providing a personalized and non-stop journey.

Advantages

Proponents of Ultra and PRT systems in general cite the following advantages:

• Reduced Congestion: Dedicated guideways bypass traffic congestion, providing faster and more predictable travel times.
• On-Demand Service: Vehicles are available on demand, eliminating the need to adhere to fixed schedules.
• Point-to-Point Travel: Direct journeys without intermediate stops save time and enhance convenience.
• Environmental Benefits: Electric vehicles reduce emissions and noise pollution compared to traditional transportation modes.
• Improved Accessibility: PRT systems can provide accessible transportation options for individuals with mobility limitations.

Deployments

The most notable and commercially successful Ultra system is at London Heathrow Airport, connecting the business car park to Terminal 5. This deployment has served as a demonstration of the viability and reliability of the technology. Other potential deployments and studies have been conducted in various locations around the world.

Challenges

Despite the potential benefits, Ultra and PRT systems also face challenges, including:

• High Initial Infrastructure Costs: Constructing dedicated guideways can be expensive.
• Public Acceptance: Gaining public acceptance and overcoming skepticism about autonomous vehicles can be challenging.
• Scalability: Expanding the system to accommodate growing demand may require significant investment in additional infrastructure.
• Integration with Existing Transportation Networks: Seamlessly integrating PRT systems with existing public transportation networks can be complex.
• Safety and Security: Ensuring the safety and security of passengers and the system as a whole is paramount.