Strumella (fungus)

Strumella is a genus of fungi primarily known for being plant pathogens, specifically causing cankers and dieback in woody plants, particularly certain hardwoods and conifers. These fungi belong to the class Sordariomycetes, and are characterized by their distinct asexual spore-producing structures (conidiomata), often visible as small, raised pustules on the bark of infected trees.

The symptoms associated with Strumella infections can vary depending on the host species and environmental conditions. They typically begin with localized lesions or cankers on branches or the main stem. These cankers may be sunken, discolored, or exhibit cracked bark. As the infection progresses, it can lead to branch dieback, reduced growth, and in severe cases, the death of the entire tree.

Identification of Strumella species often relies on microscopic examination of the conidia (asexual spores) and conidiophores (spore-bearing structures), along with observation of the macroscopic symptoms on the host plant. Accurate identification is crucial for implementing appropriate management strategies.

Control measures for Strumella infections may include pruning infected branches, promoting tree vigor through proper fertilization and watering, and, in some cases, applying fungicides. The effectiveness of these measures depends on the severity of the infection and the specific Strumella species involved. Understanding the host range and disease cycle of Strumella is essential for developing effective disease management strategies in forestry and horticulture.