Sorter (logistics)

A sorter in logistics refers to an automated system used to efficiently and accurately direct items to their correct destinations within a warehouse, distribution center, or postal facility. Sorters are a crucial component of modern supply chain management, enabling high-speed processing and reducing the need for manual handling. These systems significantly increase throughput and minimize errors in the routing of packages, parcels, and other goods.

The core function of a sorter is to read identifying information from an item, such as a barcode, RFID tag, or address label, and then use this data to trigger a mechanical or electromechanical mechanism that diverts the item onto the appropriate conveyor line or destination point.

Different types of sorters exist, each designed to handle specific item characteristics and throughput requirements. Common types include:

• Tilt-tray sorters: Utilize trays that tilt to discharge items onto designated chutes. Suitable for a wide range of item sizes and shapes.

• Cross-belt sorters: Employ a series of small belts moving perpendicular to the main conveyor line, gently pushing items off onto the correct destination. Effective for fragile or oddly shaped items.

• Push-tray sorters: Use pushers or paddles to move items off the main conveyor. Generally used for larger or heavier items.

• Pop-up wheel/roller sorters: Feature wheels or rollers that raise up from the conveyor surface to divert items at a specific angle.

• Diverter arm sorters: Employ pivoting arms to guide items onto the correct line.

The implementation of a sorter system typically involves integration with warehouse management systems (WMS) and transportation management systems (TMS) to ensure accurate routing and tracking of items. Factors considered when selecting a sorter system include the volume of items, the size and weight of items, the number of destinations, the available space, and the budget. Benefits include reduced labor costs, increased accuracy, improved throughput, and enhanced overall efficiency in the logistics operation.