Sappanol

Sappanol is a phenolic compound found in Caesalpinia sappan, a tree native to Southeast Asia, particularly used in traditional medicine and as a dyestuff. Sappanol is a tetrahydroxychalcone and is closely related to sappanin and brazilin, the latter of which is the actual colorant derived from sappanwood.

Sappanol is considered a precursor to sappanin B, a compound believed to contribute to some of the medicinal properties attributed to Caesalpinia sappan. Research suggests potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities, although further studies are needed to confirm these effects and understand the mechanisms of action. The compound is typically extracted from the heartwood of the Caesalpinia sappan tree. It is currently used in research to investigate its potential therapeutic applications.

The historical and ongoing use of Caesalpinia sappan as a source of dye (brazilin, derived from sappanol) has contributed to the tree's economic importance.