Riad (architecture)

A riad (Arabic: رياض‎) is a traditional Moroccan house or palace with an interior garden or courtyard. The word riad comes from the Arabic word for garden.

Riads are typically inward-focused structures designed to offer privacy and protection from the harsh Moroccan climate. The layout typically features a central courtyard, often rectangular, which serves as the focal point of the house. This courtyard traditionally contains a fountain or pool, as well as trees, plants, and flowers.

Around the courtyard are arranged the main living areas of the house. These may include salons, bedrooms, kitchens, and other functional spaces. The walls facing the courtyard are often adorned with intricate tilework (zellij), stucco carvings, and other decorative elements, reflecting the rich artistic heritage of Morocco.

The design of a riad prioritizes shade and ventilation, helping to keep the interior cool during the hot summer months. High walls surrounding the riad provide privacy and security. Windows are typically small and strategically placed to allow light and air to circulate while minimizing direct sunlight.

Historically, riads were homes of wealthy citizens, often merchants or courtiers. Today, many riads have been converted into boutique hotels and guesthouses, allowing visitors to experience traditional Moroccan architecture and hospitality. The restoration and preservation of riads have become important in preserving Morocco's architectural heritage and promoting sustainable tourism.