Qalamoun offensive (2017)

The Qalamoun Offensive (2017) refers to a military operation launched by the Syrian Army, Hezbollah, and their allies against rebel and jihadist forces in the Qalamoun Mountains region along the Syrian-Lebanese border during the Syrian Civil War. This offensive, primarily conducted in the summer of 2017, aimed to eliminate the remaining insurgent presence in the area, secure the border, and consolidate government control.

The offensive was focused on two main areas: the Western Qalamoun, bordering Lebanon, and the Eastern Qalamoun, further inland. Key objectives included capturing strategic heights, border crossings, and supply routes used by rebel groups.

Hezbollah played a significant role in the Western Qalamoun offensive, coordinating with the Syrian Army to target rebel strongholds. Intensive fighting occurred in areas such as Jaroud Arsal. Simultaneously, the Syrian Army targeted ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) positions in the Eastern Qalamoun, focusing on areas like Bir al-Afai.

The offensive employed heavy artillery bombardment, airstrikes, and ground assaults. The besieged rebel and ISIS forces were eventually forced to negotiate ceasefires and evacuation agreements. These agreements, brokered by various parties, involved the safe passage of fighters and their families to other rebel-held territories in Syria, such as Idlib.

The outcome of the Qalamoun Offensive (2017) resulted in the Syrian government and its allies gaining control over the entire Qalamoun region, eliminating a significant rebel presence along the Lebanese border. This victory strengthened the Syrian government's control over strategic territory and further reduced the areas held by opposition forces. However, the long-term stability of the region remains a concern, with potential for future insurgent activity and ongoing security challenges.