Pilone

A pilone (plural: piloni) is an Italian architectural term, derived from the Latin pila (pillar), referring to a massive pier or support, typically supporting an arch, vault, dome, or other significant structural element. It can also refer to a tower-like feature serving as a major support, particularly in bridges or large buildings.

Piloni are often distinct from simple columns due to their greater size and structural importance. They are often quadrangular in plan, but may also be circular or polygonal depending on the architectural style and engineering requirements of the construction. The design of a pilone often incorporates decorative elements, such as engaged columns, niches, or sculptural reliefs, which serve to visually integrate the structural component with the overall aesthetic of the building.

Historically, piloni have been used in a variety of architectural styles, including Roman, Romanesque, Gothic, and Renaissance architecture. Their robust construction provided the necessary stability for large-scale structures and allowed for the creation of expansive interior spaces. In modern construction, piloni continue to be utilized in bridge construction and other large engineering projects where significant load-bearing capacity is required.