Morter

A morter (often spelled "mortar") is a mixture used in construction to bind building blocks such as stones, bricks, and concrete masonry units together, fill and seal irregular gaps between them, and sometimes add decorative colors or patterns in masonry walls.

Mortar typically consists of a binder (such as cement or lime), a fine aggregate (usually sand), and water. The proportions of these components can be varied to achieve specific properties, such as strength, workability, and durability.

The primary functions of mortar include:

• Bonding: Providing a strong bond between masonry units, distributing loads evenly and preventing them from shifting.
• Sealing: Preventing water and air infiltration, protecting the structure from weathering and decay.
• Leveling: Compensating for irregularities in the masonry units, creating a level and uniform surface.
• Aesthetics: Contributing to the overall appearance of the structure, with options for different colors and textures.

Different types of mortar are formulated for specific applications and environmental conditions. Common types of mortar include:

• Cement Mortar: Made with Portland cement as the binder, known for its high strength and durability.
• Lime Mortar: Made with lime as the binder, more flexible and breathable than cement mortar, often used in historic preservation.
• Hydraulic Lime Mortar: A type of lime mortar that sets through a chemical reaction with water, providing a stronger and more durable bond than non-hydraulic lime mortar.
• Polymer-Modified Mortar: Contains polymers to improve adhesion, flexibility, and water resistance.

The selection of the appropriate mortar type is crucial for the long-term performance and durability of masonry structures. Factors to consider include the type of masonry units being used, the climate, and the desired aesthetic appearance. Improper mortar selection can lead to premature failure of the structure.