Lefka Ori

The Lefka Ori (Λευκά Όρη), also known as the White Mountains, are a mountain range located in western Crete, Greece. They form a dominant feature of the region, stretching across a significant portion of the island.

Geography:

The Lefka Ori are characterized by their rugged terrain, deep gorges, and numerous peaks, many exceeding 2,000 meters in elevation. The highest peak is Pachnes (Πάχνες), reaching 2,453 meters. The name "White Mountains" derives from the fact that they remain snow-covered for a considerable portion of the year, particularly during winter and early spring. The range's geological composition is primarily limestone, contributing to the formation of extensive cave systems, sinkholes, and other karst features.

Flora and Fauna:

The mountains support a diverse range of flora and fauna, including endemic species. The vegetation varies with altitude, ranging from maquis shrubland at lower elevations to alpine meadows and sparse vegetation at higher altitudes. The region is home to several protected species of birds, mammals, and reptiles.

Human Activity:

Historically, the Lefka Ori have served as a refuge for Cretan people during periods of foreign occupation and conflict. Traditional shepherd communities still inhabit the mountains, grazing their flocks in the higher pastures during the summer months. Several villages are located on the lower slopes and in valleys within the range.

Tourism:

The Lefka Ori are a popular destination for hikers and outdoor enthusiasts. Numerous hiking trails traverse the range, including the renowned Samaria Gorge, one of the longest gorges in Europe. Other notable gorges include the Imbros Gorge and the Aradena Gorge. The mountains offer opportunities for mountaineering, rock climbing, and exploring the region's natural beauty. Access to the mountains is generally limited during winter due to snow cover.