Kaluga (fish)

The Kaluga ( Huso dauricus ) is a large predatory sturgeon native to the Amur River basin. It is one of the largest freshwater fish in the world, and one of the largest of the sturgeon family. The Kaluga is found in the Amur River, its major tributaries such as the Shilka and Argun rivers, and in the estuary of the Amur River.

The Kaluga is a long-lived species, capable of reaching ages of 50 years or more. It is an anadromous fish, migrating from the river to spawn in upstream gravel beds. Historically, the Kaluga was a commercially important species, prized for its meat and roe (caviar). However, overfishing and habitat degradation have led to significant population declines.

The Kaluga is distinguished by its large size, elongated snout, and rows of bony scutes along its sides and back. Its diet consists primarily of fish, but it may also consume crustaceans and other aquatic animals. Due to its declining population, the Kaluga is currently listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Conservation efforts are underway to protect the remaining populations and restore its habitat. These efforts include regulating fishing, protecting spawning grounds, and combating pollution.