John James McCook (professor)

John James McCook (1843-1927) was an American clergyman, professor, and social reformer, known for his work studying and attempting to combat tramps and vagrants in late 19th and early 20th century America. He was a Professor of Modern Languages at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, for over 40 years.

McCook's interest in social issues was sparked by his observations of the social and economic upheavals following the Civil War. He became a leading voice in the scientific study of poverty and vagrancy, advocating for data-driven solutions and a more nuanced understanding of the problem. He conducted extensive surveys and interviews with tramps, documenting their backgrounds, habits, and motivations. His research, often published in sociological journals, contributed significantly to the development of social work and criminology.

He was also active in local Hartford politics and served as a chaplain in the Connecticut National Guard. His religious beliefs informed his social reform efforts, and he believed in the importance of individual responsibility and moral uplift. While his research methods were considered progressive for his time, his solutions were often rooted in traditional values and emphasized the importance of work and discipline. McCook's legacy remains a complex one, reflecting the evolving understanding of poverty and social inequality in American history.