General (Switzerland)

In Switzerland, "General" (German: General, French: Général, Italian: Generale) is not a permanent military rank, but rather a temporary position elected by the Federal Assembly (Swiss Parliament) during times of war or national emergency. The General is the commander-in-chief of the Swiss Armed Forces for the duration of the crisis.

The General has supreme command over all branches of the Swiss Armed Forces. Their primary responsibility is the defense of Switzerland's neutrality and territorial integrity. They are responsible for developing strategy, deploying troops, and coordinating with civilian authorities.

The election of a General is a serious decision, reflecting the gravity of the situation facing the country. The individual chosen is usually a senior officer with extensive military experience, but political considerations and the ability to unite the country often play a significant role in the selection process.

The office is dissolved once the crisis is over and the Armed Forces return to peacetime operations. Switzerland has only elected a General a handful of times in its history, primarily during the World Wars. Well-known Generals include Guillaume Henri Dufour (Sonderbund War), Hans Herzog (Franco-Prussian War Mobilization), and Henri Guisan (World War II).