Fathers (book)

Fathers is a novel by Russian author Ivan Turgenev, originally published in 1862. It is also known in English as Fathers and Sons. The novel is a significant work of 19th-century Russian literature and is considered one of Turgenev's masterpieces.

Fathers explores the growing divide between the older, aristocratic generation and the emerging younger generation, particularly the "nihilist" movement gaining traction in Russia at the time. The central character is Bazarov, a young medical student and ardent nihilist who rejects traditional values, social conventions, and romantic ideals. He represents the new intellectual and social forces challenging the established order.

The novel follows Bazarov's interactions with the Kirsanov family, specifically Arkady, a young man influenced by Bazarov's nihilistic ideas, and Arkady's father, Nikolai, and uncle, Pavel, representing the older generation clinging to traditional values. The conflict between these generations is a central theme of the book.

Fathers delves into themes of generational conflict, the clash between tradition and modernity, the meaning of nihilism, love, social change, and the search for purpose in a rapidly evolving society. The novel sparked considerable controversy upon its release in Russia, with some praising its realistic portrayal of contemporary social issues and others criticizing its perceived endorsement or condemnation of nihilism.

The book remains a relevant and insightful exploration of generational differences and the complexities of social and intellectual change. It continues to be studied and analyzed for its historical and literary significance.