Brusnik (island)

Brusnik is a small volcanic island in the Adriatic Sea, belonging to Croatia. It is located approximately 24 nautical miles west of the island of Vis. Known for its unusual geology, particularly its dark, magnetic rock (primarily diabase), Brusnik is an uninhabited island and a protected natural monument.

Geography and Geology:

The island's dimensions are roughly 300 meters wide and 500 meters long. Its volcanic origin is evident in its rocky terrain and black, glassy rock formations. The island is particularly rich in magnetite, contributing to its magnetic properties. The unique geological composition of Brusnik sets it apart from other Adriatic islands, which are primarily limestone.

Flora and Fauna:

Despite its harsh environment, Brusnik supports a specific flora adapted to the volcanic soil and exposure to the elements. The island is also a habitat for a unique species of black lizard ( Podarcis melisellensis melisellensis), a subspecies of the common wall lizard found throughout the region.

History:

Brusnik has been known to fishermen for centuries, primarily as a source of stones used for sharpening tools and anchors. The island's name likely derives from the Croatian word "brus," meaning whetstone. While uninhabited permanently, fishermen would occasionally stay on the island in temporary shelters.

Protection:

Due to its unique geological features, endemic lizard species, and vulnerable ecosystem, Brusnik has been designated as a protected natural monument by the Croatian government. Efforts are in place to preserve its natural environment and prevent damage from human activities.