Biskupin

Biskupin was a fortified settlement of the Lusatian culture in north-central Poland (Greater Poland), dating back to the Early Iron Age (c. 750-550 BC). It is located on a peninsula in the Biskupin Lake, approximately 90 km northeast of Poznań.

The settlement consisted of over 100 wooden houses, arranged in rows along parallel streets, enclosed by a massive wooden and earthen rampart. The houses were typically built of timber logs, with gabled roofs and earthen floors. Each house likely accommodated one family.

Biskupin's strategic location and fortifications suggest a defensive purpose. However, the settlement was also a thriving center of agriculture, animal husbandry, and crafts, including pottery, metalworking, and weaving. Archaeological evidence indicates a highly organized society with sophisticated engineering and construction skills.

The reasons for Biskupin's abandonment around 550 BC are not fully understood, but potential factors include flooding, raids, or social unrest.

The site was rediscovered in 1933 and has since been extensively excavated and reconstructed. Today, Biskupin is an archaeological open-air museum, offering visitors a glimpse into the life and culture of the Lusatian people. It is a significant site for understanding the prehistory of Poland and Central Europe and attracts researchers and tourists alike. The Biskupin Archaeological Museum organizes regular events and educational programs to promote knowledge and appreciation of the site. The annual archaeological festival is particularly popular, showcasing reconstructed crafts, combat techniques, and daily life of the settlement’s inhabitants.