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Sar Bagh

Sar Bagh (also transliterated as Ser Bagh, Sar-e Bagh, or Sir Bagh) is a term originating from Persian and Urdu, meaning "head garden" or "chief garden". It refers to a specific type of garden design and often to a place name derived from such gardens. Typically, a Sar Bagh is characterized as a prominent, often elevated, garden space located at the head or forefront of a larger complex, such as a palace, mosque, or even a caravanserai.

Key characteristics of a Sar Bagh may include:

  • Location: Situated at the entrance or most visible part of the associated building complex.
  • Design: Formal garden designs are common, often incorporating elements of the charbagh (four-part garden) layout, with water channels, pathways, and geometrically arranged planting beds.
  • Purpose: Served both aesthetic and practical purposes. A Sar Bagh provided visual appeal and a welcoming atmosphere, while also potentially serving as a place for recreation, social gathering, or even agricultural production.
  • Water Features: Often feature prominent water features such as fountains, pools, and irrigation channels, reflecting the importance of water in Persian and Mughal garden traditions.

The term "Sar Bagh" is also found as a place name in various regions influenced by Persian culture, including Iran, India, Pakistan, and Central Asia, reflecting the presence of such prominent gardens in those locations historically. These locations may or may not still retain the original garden, but the name serves as a historical marker.