Saihō-ji (Kyoto)

Saihō-ji (西芳寺), also known as the Koke-dera (苔寺, Moss Temple), is a Zen Buddhist temple located in the Nishikyō Ward of Kyoto, Japan. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, designated as part of the Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities).

Founded originally as a Shingon temple by Prince Shotoku's retainer, Hata no Kawakatsu, in the Asuka period, it was later converted to a Zen temple by the renowned Zen priest Musō Soseki in 1339. The temple is particularly famous for its meticulously cultivated moss garden, which features over 120 varieties of moss covering the ground beneath a canopy of trees.

The gardens are arranged around a heart-shaped pond, divided into an upper dry landscape (karesansui) garden and a lower pond garden. These gardens are designed to reflect Zen Buddhist philosophies of harmony, tranquility, and impermanence.

Due to the delicate nature of the moss garden, entry to Saihō-ji requires a prior reservation. Visitors are also required to participate in a meditative practice, which typically involves chanting and copying sutras (shakyō) before being allowed to explore the gardens. This practice is intended to purify the mind and prepare visitors to appreciate the beauty and serenity of the temple.

Saihō-ji represents a significant example of Japanese garden design and Zen Buddhist aesthetics, attracting visitors from around the world seeking a contemplative and enriching experience. It is considered one of the most important gardens in Japan and a testament to the artistic vision of Musō Soseki.