Moire (fabric)

Moire is a textile with a distinctive shimmering or watered appearance. This effect is achieved through several methods, most commonly by calendering, a process that uses heated rollers to press a woven textile. The pressure distorts the weave, creating variations in light reflection that give the fabric its characteristic wavy or rippled pattern.

The "watered" appearance, also known as a "moire pattern," is not printed onto the fabric. It arises from the unique way light interacts with the irregular, distorted surface created by the calendering process. The denser and less dense areas reflect light differently, producing the visual effect.

Moire is most often produced on fabrics made of silk, rayon, acetate, and certain types of cotton. The quality and prominence of the moire effect depend on the type of fabric, the pressure applied during calendering, and the skill of the textile manufacturer.

The term "moire" is sometimes used to describe similar shimmering effects produced on non-fabric materials, such as wood or paper. However, in the context of textiles, it refers specifically to the watermarked appearance achieved through calendering or similar distortive processes on woven fabrics.

Moire fabrics are often used for formal wear, upholstery, and decorative applications where a subtle, luxurious texture is desired. The distinctive pattern adds visual interest and depth to the textile.