Makololo Chiefs (Malawi)

The Makololo were a Sotho-speaking people who originated in what is now South Africa. In the mid-19th century, under the leadership of Sebitwane, they migrated northwards, eventually conquering the Lozi kingdom in Barotseland (present-day Zambia). Their expansion impacted surrounding regions, including areas that would become part of modern-day Malawi.

While the Makololo established their primary power base in Barotseland, their influence and military raids extended southward into territories that are now within Malawi. These raids often involved the acquisition of cattle and tribute, and resulted in a complex relationship between the Makololo and the indigenous peoples of the region.

The Makololo chiefs in these Malawian territories were essentially appointed leaders who oversaw regions under Makololo control. Their power was derived from their allegiance to Sebitwane and his successors in Barotseland. These chiefs were responsible for enforcing Makololo rule, collecting tribute, and maintaining order. The extent of their authority varied depending on the distance from Barotseland and the degree of resistance from the local population.

The presence of the Makololo in Malawi contributed to a period of significant upheaval and realignment of power structures. Their raids and control led to the displacement of some communities and the establishment of new political alliances. The Makololo period in Malawi was relatively short-lived, however, as their influence waned in the latter half of the 19th century, particularly after Sebitwane's death and subsequent internal conflicts. The local Malawian groups gradually reasserted their autonomy, though the memory of the Makololo impact remained.