List of conjunctions (astronomy)

In astronomy, a conjunction occurs when two or more celestial objects appear close together in the sky, as seen from a particular location, usually Earth. This apparent proximity is a line-of-sight effect; the objects are not necessarily physically close to each other in space.

Conjunctions are typically described using the angular distance between the objects. The closer the angular distance, the "tighter" the conjunction.

Types of Conjunctions:

• Inferior Conjunction: Occurs when an inferior planet (Mercury or Venus) passes between the Earth and the Sun.

• Superior Conjunction: Occurs when an inferior planet is on the far side of the Sun from Earth.

• Conjunction with the Sun: Any planet or other celestial object is said to be in conjunction with the Sun when it has the same celestial longitude as the Sun.

• Planetary Conjunction: A conjunction involving two or more planets.

• Lunar Conjunction: A conjunction involving the Moon and another celestial object (e.g., a planet, star).

• Great Conjunction: Refers to the conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, which occurs approximately every 20 years. This is considered a "great" conjunction due to the relative brightness and prominence of these two planets.

Significance:

Conjunctions are of interest to both amateur and professional astronomers. They can be visually striking events, especially when bright planets are involved. They also provide opportunities for astronomical observations, such as tracking the movement of planets against the background stars. Historically, conjunctions have been used in astrology and calendar systems.