Kelly (surname)

The surname Kelly is a common surname of Irish origin, derived from the Gaelic Ó Ceallaigh, meaning "descendant of Ceallach." Ceallach is a personal name, believed to mean "bright-headed" or "warrior." The name is found throughout Ireland, but is particularly associated with the province of Connacht, where the O'Kellys were a powerful sept.

Historically, there were several distinct O'Kelly clans or septs in Ireland. The most prominent were:

• O'Kelly of Uí Maine: Based in east Galway and south Roscommon, they were one of the most powerful Gaelic families in Connacht. They held the title "Lord of Uí Maine" and maintained considerable power well into the 17th century.

• O'Kelly of Breagh: Located in County Meath, this sept was historically significant but less powerful than the Uí Maine O'Kellys.

• Other O'Kelly Septs: Smaller septs existed in various parts of Ireland, including County Wicklow and County Kilkenny.

The surname Kelly is consistently among the most common surnames in Ireland, often ranking within the top five. Due to Irish emigration, the name is also widespread in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Variations in spelling, though less common, might include Kelley or Kellie.

Notable people with the surname Kelly include:

• Grace Kelly: American actress and Princess of Monaco.
• Gene Kelly: American dancer, actor, singer, director, and choreographer.
• Ned Kelly: Australian bushranger.
• Ellsworth Kelly: American painter, sculptor, and printmaker.

The Kelly surname has various associated symbols and emblems, particularly for the Uí Maine O'Kellys, often involving heraldic crests and coats of arms. However, it's important to note that not all individuals with the surname Kelly are entitled to use a particular coat of arms, as these were historically granted to specific families or individuals.